This dataset contains comprehensive physicochemical, magnetic, chemical, and microplastic data from two road dust sampling campaigns conducted in 2024 and 2025 across Warsaw and Vienna. It features microplastic characterization via LDIR and FTIR, thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectrometry (TG-MS), magnetic susceptibility, hysteresis loops, ARM, elemental analysis (CHNS), and XRD mineralogy across various grain-size fractions (from 1.0 mm to <0.2 mm). The dataset also incorporates secondary Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS: R, L, dR, dL) measurements to complete the multifaceted sample characterization.